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Clean air -- you can't see, smell, or taste it, but you sure can't live without it! Cars, factories, and electricity make our lives easier, but they also produce gasses and chemicals that pollute the air. Polluted air is bad for people to breathe, and it can harm animals, trees, and plants. And it doesn't just blow away -- the pollution can return to earth as acid rain.

Scientists are trying to think of ways to keep our air cleaner. But until they come up with a solution, it's up to us to live clean! Here are a few simple things you can do to prevent air pollution:

Plant a tree
Trees increase the amount of oxygen in the air, and they help clean the air by using up some of the pollutants we produce.

Turn out the lights
Many power plants make electricity by burning fossil fuels, such as coal and oil, and that creates air pollution. When you leave a room, turn out the lights. Less electricity will be used, less coal will get burned, and less pollution will be released into the air.

Keep a lid on the heat
Keep hot water use to a minimum -- it takes energy to heat it up. Instead of turning up the heat, put on a sweater or use an extra blanket. And ask your parents not to use the wood stove or fireplace when air pollution levels are high.

Don't crank up the cold
Air conditioners cause pollution too. They emit chemicals that can harm the ozone layer. Remember to turn yours down or off when you leave a room. And ask your parents to make sure the air conditioner's filter is cleaned regularly.

Not too far? Don't take the car!
If it's a short trip downtown or to a friend's house, don't ask for a ride. Instead, hop on your bike or walk. You'll be saving gas, and reducing air pollution from your car's exhaust.

Build a compost pile
Burning leaves produces pollutants that can harm your health. Instead, help your parents build a compost pile for leaves and other natural yard debris. An added benefit: As the compost biodegrades, it will create rich garden nutrients.

Tell 'em what you think
If you're concerned about how air pollution is affecting your family, write a letter to your city councilor, mayor, or local newspaper. Tell them what you're doing to help keep the earth clean, and ask for their help.

我们特别摘录今年特别推出的「绿色生活十二招」,希望大家能够吸收新知,更希望能启心动念,身体力行。

第一招:二氧化碳要减少!(CO2 Diet)
据估计,一个人平均每年製造约13吨的二氧化碳,这些排放出来的二氧化碳包围著大气层,就像是笼罩著温室的透明玻璃般,让地球无法排热,使温室效应日渐严重。国际间迄今尚无二氧化碳减量的正式官方协议,但为了地球的健康,民众还是可以从自身做起,励行「二氧化碳减量计画」。举例而言,将12年旧的冰箱换新可以减少约1000磅的二氧化碳排放量,减少1加仑的汽油使用量可降低约22磅的二氧化碳,将白炽灯改为日光灯可减低260磅的二氧化碳,而清理暖气炉的简单动作则可减低1200磅的二氧化碳。实行二氧化碳减量计画,不但可以有效节省个人支出,更可减少对地球环境的伤害。

第二招:喝什麽咖啡最环保?(Coffee)
你大概不知道,为了生产更高品质、高获利的咖啡豆,中 南美洲许多森林都被大规模砍伐,以栽种需要大量日照的新种咖啡树。森林面积的遽减及新种咖啡树对土壤的侵蚀,已严重威胁到许多吟唱鸟类的生存空间,当热带森林被破坏殆尽的同时,这些美丽的鸟类也跟著消失了。值得庆幸的是,部分咖啡豆农人仍采传统的方式栽种咖啡—称为「树荫栽种咖啡」(Shade Grown Coffee),而不需砍伐森林;科学家们发现,在树荫下栽种区的吟唱鸟数量是日照栽种区的十倍之多。这些「树荫栽种咖啡」,虽然较一般咖啡贵一些,但为了地球生态环境,改喝「树荫栽种咖啡」是我们都做得到的。

第叁招:什麽鱼不能吃?(Fish)
过度捕鱼的问题正影响全球的鱼类数量,科学家表示海洋中 60%的鱼类有数量减少的现象,有些鱼类更已呈现商业上绝种的情况。举例而言,圆鳕鱼(toothfish)、智利黑鲈海鱼(Chilean sea bass)这种珍贵鱼类要到十岁之後才会开始育种,繁殖的速度赶不上人类的过度补杀,因此出现绝种迹象。许多非法捕鱼者无视於捕鱼的相关法令规範,仍我行我素,其他濒临绝种的鱼类有大西洋比目鱼(Atlantic halibut)以及蓝鳍鲔鱼(blue fin tuna)。我们或许没有能力阻止海洋资源盗猎者的行径,但我们可以选择不吃智利黑鲈海鱼这类濒临绝种鱼类,改吃阿拉斯加鮭鱼、鬼头刀(mahi mahi)等繁殖数量稳定鱼种,以为地球生态平衡贡献一份心力。

第四招:小心外来种!(Invasive Species)
在保育濒临绝种生物的同时,我们也可以协助抵禦所谓外来入侵物种的伤害。黑鱼(northern snakehead fish)正是一种入侵物种,它会将其周遭的生物吞食殆尽,其他还有一百六十多种生物也具备这种侵略特性,他们大多是被人从外国走私进口的。相同的,入侵种植物(如:紫色马鞭草)及昆蟲(如:亚洲长角天牛)则有超过2000种,他们对於原生生物的多样性及生态系统平衡造成严重威胁。我们能够采取的简单预防措施包括从事园艺活动时,避免购买或栽种外来的入侵物种;钓鱼时,也不要将A区域的水装运混杂进B水域;到国外旅行时,切忌偷偷带回外国的种子或不知名动植物。

第五招:有机棉最安心(Cotton)
衣著的选择也关係到地球环境的健康。传统的棉花栽种方 式必须使用大量的混合肥料及化学农药,这些化学品含有剧毒,为地球环境带来相当大的後遗症。有些化学农药渗透进土壤,污染地下水源,进而威胁到饮用水的安全;有些化学品直接或间接毒杀大量鸟类、海洋哺乳动物,也戕伤棉花田农人及第叁世界孩童的身体健康。预防之道除了鼓励棉花农减少使用化学农药外,完全不使用农药的有机棉则是最为有效的方案,美国和土耳其是目前生产的有机棉的主要国家。对消费者而言,选购有机棉花所製成的衣服虽然成本较传统棉花高些,但所衍生的效益却可为後代子孙节省更多的支出。


第六招:节约用水,人人有责(Water Quantity)
大自然透过蒸发及降雨、降雪的方式,使我们赖以 维生的淡水资源得以不断循环再利用。但地球上可供人类利用的淡水资源仅占地球水资源总量的1%左右,是故,我们需要以具体行动保护地球上弥足珍贵的水资源。据统计,在我们每天的日常用水量中,竟有14%是在水龙头或水管漏水之下不经意地给浪费掉了。我们都可励行节约用水计画,留意并儘速修理水龙头、水管漏水问题,同时使用简单省水装置都是举手之劳,却能有效保护地球环境。

Source from http://life.familyeducation.com/air/conservation/36294.html?detoured=1
资料来源 http://www.earthday.org.tw/node/158


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